Ενδεικτικές λύσεις των 12 φιλτραρισμένων κλειστών ασκήσεων της ενότητας (σελ. 6-16): γενικές γνώσεις γλωσσών, word-meaning και True/False/Possible για το κείμενο «English as an International Language», Παθητική Φωνή (4 μπλοκ), πίνακας χρόνων, Present/Past Simple vs Continuous, word building ουσιαστικών προσώπων σε -er/-or/-ar.
Ερώτηση: How much do you know about languages and language learning? 1. Which is the oldest written language in the world? 2. Which language in the world is spoken by most people? 3. Which language has the largest vocabulary? KEY (page 7): 1. Egyptian 2. Chinese 3. English.
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: 1. Η αρχαιότερη γραπτή γλώσσα στον κόσμο: Αιγυπτιακά (Egyptian). 2. Η γλώσσα που μιλούν οι περισσότεροι άνθρωποι: Κινέζικα (Chinese). 3. Η γλώσσα με το μεγαλύτερο λεξιλόγιο: Αγγλικά (English).
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: Find a word or phrase in the text that means the following: local=, mother =, internationally =, journalism =, creative writing=, brochures =, necessary =, people =
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) local = local («the local language»)· mother = native («native language»)· internationally = worldwide· journalism = the press· creative writing = literary purposes· brochures = leaflets· necessary = obligatory· people = citizens.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: Read the text again and decide if the following are true (T), false (F) or possible (P). 1. English spread globally because it serves many needs and purposes. 2. Nowadays people all over the world must speak their native language only. 3. English as a foreign language is much more used today than in the past. 4. English seems to have the biggest number of users among non-native speakers of English. 5. Only professional people are supposed to speak a foreign language. 6. The use of English worldwide will continue to grow. 7. People are forced to use English mainly in education.
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) 1-P, 2-F, 3-T, 4-T, 5-F, 6-T, 7-F.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: Match the sentences with their meaning. 1. I repaired the TV yesterday. 2. The TV was repaired yesterday. a) I actually did it myself. b) I paid or told someone else to do so.
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) 1-a (I repaired the TV yesterday = I actually did it myself), 2-b (The TV was repaired yesterday = I paid or told someone else to do so).
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: Which of the sentences is passive and which active? 1. The Chinese invented paper. 2. Paper was invented by the Chinese.
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) 1. The Chinese invented paper = ενεργητική (active). 2. Paper was invented by the Chinese = παθητική (passive).
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: When the sentence changes from active to passive: a) What happens to the main verb? b) What extra word is needed? c) How does the word order change? d) How does the meaning change?
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) a) be + past participle. b) «by» (όταν αναφέρεται ο πράκτορας). c) Το αντικείμενο γίνεται υποκείμενο, ο πράκτορας μετακινείται στο τέλος με «by». d) Το νόημα ουσιαστικά δεν αλλάζει, αλλάζει η έμφαση (από τον δράστη στην ενέργεια/αποτέλεσμα).
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: Change the sentences below into the passive. 1. People in Chile speak Spanish. 2. They are repairing his car now. 3. They have arrested her for shoplifting. 4. My mother has made this dress. 5. They make these computers in Korea. 6. People use English today more than in the past.
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) 1. Spanish is spoken in Chile. 2. His car is being repaired now. 3. She has been arrested for shoplifting. 4. This dress has been made by my mother. 5. These computers are made in Korea. 6. English is used today more than in the past.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: Use the verb play for the active and use for the passive in the third person singular. 1 Grammar a) Continuous tenses are formed with the auxiliary verb ... + the ... participle b) Perfect tenses are formed with the auxiliary verb ... + the ... participle. c) Passive tenses are formed with the auxiliary verb... + the ... participle. TENSES ACTIVE VOICE Present Past Future Present Perfect Past Perfect Future Perfect Simple he plays Continuous TENSES PASSIVE VOICE Present Past Future Present Perfect Past Perfect Future Perfect Simple it is used Continuous.
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) a) Continuous = to be + present participle (-ing). b) Perfect = to have + past participle. c) Passive = to be + past participle. Ενεργητική φωνή (play, he): Present Simple: he plays / Continuous: he is playing· Past Simple: he played / Continuous: he was playing· Future Simple: he will play / Continuous: he will be playing· Present Perfect Simple: he has played / Continuous: he has been playing· Past Perfect Simple: he had played / Continuous: he had been playing· Future Perfect Simple: he will have played / Continuous: he will have been playing. Παθητική φωνή (use, it): Present Simple: it is used / Continuous: it is being used· Past Simple: it was used / Continuous: it was being used· Future Simple: it will be used· Present Perfect Simple: it has been used· Past Perfect Simple: it had been used· Future Perfect Simple: it will have been used.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: Dear John, (1) I'm having / I have a great time here in England. My university term (2) isn't starting / doesn't start until the end of next month, so (3) I'm taking / I take the opportunity to improve my English. (4) I'm staying / I stay with some English friends in the country. On weekdays (5) I'm taking / I take the train to London to go to language classes. My friends say that (6) I'm making / I make good progress, my pronunciation is much better and (7) I'm understanding / I understand almost everything now. At weekends (8) I'm helping / I help them with the house. At the moment (9) we're watering / we water the plants in the garden. Write soon and tell me what (10) you are doing / you do these days.
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) 1. I'm having, 2. doesn't start, 3. I'm taking, 4. I'm staying, 5. I take, 6. I'm making, 7. I understand, 8. I help, 9. we're watering, 10. you are doing.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: Complete the gaps with the correct form of the verb in the parenthesis. 1. As I (walk) ... down the street, I (meet) ... an old friend from school. 2. This time yesterday I (lie) ... on the beach. 3. She (break) ... her leg, while she (play) ... tennis. 4. I (look) ... out of the window and (see) ... we (fly) ... over the sea. 5. When the teacher (come) ... in, everybody (stop) ... talking. 6. They (wash) ... the car when it (start) ... to rain. 7. I (call) ... you last night, but there was no answer. 8. I (not be) ... at home. I (help) ... a friend of mine with her tax report.
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) 1. was walking, met. 2. was lying. 3. broke, was playing. 4. looked, saw, were flying. 5. came, stopped. 6. were washing, started. 7. called. 8. wasn't, was helping.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: Now form nouns from the following verbs, making any necessary spelling changes. verb noun (-er) verb noun (-or) verb noun (-ar) sing rob decorate work ski write sail operate inspect visit act edit beg lie
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) -er: singer, robber, worker, skier, writer (και decorator ως εξαίρεση της στήλης). -or: sailor, operator, inspector, visitor, actor, editor. -ar: beggar, liar.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: 5 Use the information given below to form nouns in a similar way as in the example. What do we call someone who…: … collects stamps? E a stamp collector 1. … plays the drums?E 3. … acts in a film? E 5. … decorates houses? E 7. … works in a factory? E 9. … directs a big company? E 2. … operates a computer?E 4. … tells lies?E 6. … manages a hotel? E 8. … teaches English? E 10. … begs in the streets? E
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) 1. a drummer, 2. a computer operator, 3. an actor, 4. a liar, 5. a house decorator, 6. a hotel manager, 7. a factory worker, 8. an English teacher, 9. a company director, 10. a beggar.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης: