Λύσεις — Unit 10: Stop and Reload (Units 6-9) (σελ. 161) – ΓΕΝΙΚΑ ΑΓΓΛΙΚΑ Β ΕΠΑΛ

ΓΕΝΙΚΑ ΑΓΓΛΙΚΑ Β ΕΠΑΛ ΓΕΝΙΚΑ ΑΓΓΛΙΚΑ Β ΕΠΑΛ – ΛΥΣΕΙΣ – ΑΠΑΝΤΗΣΕΙΣ Ασκήσεων Σχολικού Βιβλίου Λύσεις — Unit 10: Stop and Reload (Units 6-9) (σελ. 161) – ΓΕΝΙΚΑ ΑΓΓΛΙΚΑ Β ΕΠΑΛ

Λύσεις — Unit 10: Stop and Reload (Units 6-9)

Λύσεις των 14 φιλτραρισμένων κλειστών drills της ενότητας επανάληψης (σελ. 161-166, I1-I17 εκτός I7/I8/I13 και το προσωπικό τμήμα του I17): λεξιλόγιο υπολογιστών/εργασίας, προθέσεις, Past Continuous, συγκρίσεις, μεικτοί χρόνοι, Παθητική Φωνή, word building, phrasal verbs και 2ος τύπος υποθετικού λόγου.

I1: Computer-vocabulary cloze (σελ. 161)

Ερώτηση: Complete the following text about computers. Use words from the box: screen, printer, keyboard, software, hardware, word processor, mouse. The machines themselves are called the .............................................. , and the programs we feed into them are called the ................................................. . You can see the results of what you are doing on a .......................... . Your machine is operated like a typewriter, by pressing keys on a ............................................................ . A ........................................... also helps you to control the movement of the cursor on the computer screen. If you want to see what you are doing on paper, you'll need a ................................................. . Finally, if you want software which will enable you to see, arrange, rearrange and then print a page of material, then the machine you need is a .....................................

Απάντηση:

Λογική σειρά ορισμών: οι ίδιες οι μηχανές=hardware, τα προγράμματα=software, βλέπεις αποτελέσματα σε=screen, πατάς πλήκτρα σε=keyboard, ελέγχεις τον κέρσορα με=mouse, τυπώνεις χαρτί με=printer, βλέπεις/τακτοποιείς/τυπώνεις κείμενο με=word processor.

Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) hardware, software, screen, keyboard, mouse, printer, word processor.

I2: for/since cloze (σελ. 161)

Ερώτηση: Fill in the gaps with for and since. 1. I stayed there .................... three weeks when I was a student, and .................... then we've gone there for our summer holiday every year. 2. We've known each other ....................... we were born, but we've only been married ....................... a few months. 3. They haven't changed much. They've been living in the same house ....................... the 70's. He's been doing the same job ....................... nearly thirty years, and she's been wearing the same clothes ....................... I was a child. 4. Peter is now 35 and has been driving a car ....................... his 18th anniversary, so he's been driving for seventeen years.

Απάντηση:

for + διάρκεια (three weeks, a few months, nearly thirty years, seventeen years) · since + αρχική στιγμή (then, we were born, the 70's, I was a child, his 18th anniversary).

Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) 1-for/since, 2-since/for, 3-since/for/since, 4-since.

I3: Work-vocabulary matching (σελ. 161)

Ερώτηση: Match the words connected to work with their meanings. interview / application / training / qualifications / CV / reference / candidate. a) another person's opinion about you and your work b) a person who applies for a job c) a formal request to be considered for a job d) a brief account of someone's previous career, submitted with an application for a job e) being taught how to do a job f) when you are asked questions about being suitable for a job g) a quality or skill that makes someone suitable for a particular job

Απάντηση:

interview=f (ερωτήσεις καταλληλότητας) · application=c (τυπικό αίτημα) · training=e (εκπαίδευση σε δουλειά) · qualifications=g (προσόν/δεξιότητα) · CV=d (σύντομη καριέρα) · reference=a (γνώμη άλλου) · candidate=b (αυτός που κάνει αίτηση).

Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) interview-f, application-c, training-e, qualifications-g, CV-d, reference-a, candidate-b.

I4: Prepositions of time cloze (σελ. 161)

Ερώτηση: Fill in the gaps with the following prepositions of time: at, on or in. In some gaps no preposition is needed. 1. My parents got married ................ 1964. They met ............................... ten o'clock in the morning ................ January 10th, got engaged ................ February and got married ................ April. 2. Mary travelled a lot .................. last week. .................. Monday she had two important meetings - one .................. the morning in Athens and another .................. 8 o'clock ................ the evening in Thessaloniki. Then ................ Wednesday she flew to Rodes and she got back to Athens ................ the evening.

Απάντηση:

Κανόνας: in + έτος/μήνας/μέρος της ημέρας, on + συγκεκριμένη ημέρα/ημερομηνία, at + ώρα· πριν από το «last week» δεν μπαίνει πρόθεση.

Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) 1. in 1964, at ten o'clock, on January 10th, in February, in April. 2. (no preposition) last week, On Monday, in the morning, at 8 o'clock, in the evening, on Wednesday, in the evening.

I5: Past Continuous cloze — διακοπή ρεύματος (σελ. 162)

Ερώτηση: There was an electricity cut last night. What do you think these people were doing? Complete the sentences with the correct verb/verb phrase from the box: watch TV, cook, work on his word processor, revise, have a shower. 1. John .................................................. when the computer screen went blank. 2. George ............................................ for his history test. 3. Sara ................................................. , and she missed the end of the programme. 4. Kate ................................................. , and she couldn't find her towel in the dark. 5. Mrs Smith ..................................................... . Fortunately, she had a gas cooker.

Απάντηση:

Κάθε άτομο αντιστοιχεί σε μία δραστηριότητα βάσει της συνέπειας που περιγράφεται: John+«computer screen went blank»→δούλευε στο word processor· George+«history test»→διάβαζε (revise)· Sara+«missed the end of the programme»→έβλεπε τηλεόραση· Kate+«couldn't find her towel»→έκανε ντους· Mrs Smith+«had a gas cooker»→μαγείρευε.

Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) 1-was working on his word processor, 2-was revising, 3-was watching TV, 4-was having a shower, 5-was cooking.

I6: Dialogue-completion με βάση ημερολόγιο (σελ. 162)

Ερώτηση: A friend of yours is attending a conference in your town and both of you want to meet, but he is very busy. Look at his diary and try to make arrangements. (Diary — THURSDAY: attend conference (9.00-17.00), theatre · FRIDAY: attend conference (9.00-17.00), have dinner · SATURDAY: visit a book exhibition, depart 18.10) You: Can we meet on Thursday evening? Paul: Sorry, but ............................................... You: What about Friday morning? Paul: ............................................... until 5 o'clock, and all the participants ................................................... in the evening. You: Well, are you free at the weekend? Paul: I'm afraid not. On Saturday morning ................................................. , and my flight leaves at 18.10.

Απάντηση:

Για κανονισμένα μελλοντικά σχέδια (arrangements) χρησιμοποιούμε Present Continuous. Ο Paul απαντά με βάση το ημερολόγιό του: Πέμπτη βράδυ έχει θέατρο, Παρασκευή 9.00-17.00 έχει συνέδριο και το βράδυ δείπνο, Σάββατο πρωί επισκέπτεται έκθεση βιβλίου πριν από την πτήση του.

Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) «Sorry, but I'm going to the theatre on Thursday evening.» / «I'm attending the conference until 5 o'clock, and all the participants are having dinner in the evening.» / «On Saturday morning I'm visiting a book exhibition, and my flight leaves at 18.10.»

I9: as...as comparisons cloze (σελ. 163)

Ερώτηση: Make comparisons using as ... as to complete the gaps. 1. Jo runs much faster than I do. I can't run .................................................... can. 2. There aren't many people for the concert. We need ................................................................ possible. 3. He is successful, but his father was more successful. He isn't ............................................ his father. 4. Mary is 1.70 metres tall and I'm only 1.60 m. I'm not ............................................. . 5. Peter and Sue were born on the same date. Peter is ........................................ Sue.

Απάντηση:

1. Λιγότερη ταχύτητα → «as fast as Jo (can)». 2. Όσο το δυνατόν περισσότεροι → «as many people as possible». 3. Λιγότερη επιτυχία → «as successful as». 4. Μικρότερο ύψος → «as tall as Mary». 5. Ίδια ηλικία → «as old as».

Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) 1-I can't run as fast as Jo can. 2-We need as many people as possible. 3-He isn't as successful as his father. 4-I'm not as tall as Mary. 5-Peter is as old as Sue.

Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:

Στην πρόταση 5 η άσκηση ζητά δομή «as ... as»: «Peter is as old as Sue». Η σύνταξη «Peter is the same age as Sue» έχει το ίδιο νόημα, αλλά δεν είναι η δομή που ζητείται εδώ.

I10: either-or/neither-nor/both-and join (σελ. 163)

Ερώτηση: Join the sentences with either ...or, neither ... nor or both ... and. 1. You can sit at this table, or you can sit at the table at the back - whichever you prefer. 2. They didn't come to the party, and they didn't let us know. 3. Mary is at work, and so is Bob. 4. John hasn't got a mobile phone. Peter hasn't got a mobile phone either. 5. While you are waiting, you can watch TV or read a newspaper. 6. Nicky missed the 7.30 train. I missed it too.

Απάντηση:

1. Επιλογή ανάμεσα σε δύο → either...or: «You can sit either at this table or at the table at the back.» 2. Δύο αρνήσεις → neither...nor: «They neither came to the party nor let us know.» 3. Δύο θετικά → both...and: «Both Mary and Bob are at work.» 4. Δύο αρνήσεις → neither...nor: «Neither John nor Peter has got a mobile phone.» 5. Επιλογή → either...or: «You can either watch TV or read a newspaper.» 6. Δύο θετικά → both...and: «Both Nicky and I missed the 7.30 train.»

Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) 1-either...or, 2-neither...nor, 3-both...and, 4-neither...nor, 5-either...or, 6-both...and.

I11: for/since Present Perfect transformation (σελ. 164)

Ερώτηση: Rewrite the sentences using for or since. Don't forget to use the correct Present Perfect tense. 1. He turned on the radio an hour ago. He (listen to) ....................................................... . 2. I met her at my birthday party. I (know) ............................................................. . 3. She got her car last summer. She (have) ............................................................. . 4. I started wearing glasses two years ago. I (wear) .................................................................. . 5. I got this cold last weekend. I (have) .................................................................. . 6. He went to sleep a long time ago. He (sleep) .................................................................. . 7. She started learning Italian a year ago. She (learn) .................................................................. . 8. They moved to this house ten years ago. They (live) .................................................................. .

Απάντηση:

Η πράξη ξεκίνησε στο παρελθόν και συνεχίζεται μέχρι τώρα → Present Perfect Continuous (ή Simple για στατικά ρήματα όπως know, have). Με for δίνουμε τη διάρκεια («an hour», «two years», «a long time», «a year», «ten years») και με since το σημείο έναρξης («my birthday party», «last summer», «last weekend»).

Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) 1-He has been listening to it for an hour. 2-I have known her since my birthday party. 3-She has had her car since last summer. 4-I have been wearing glasses for two years. 5-I have had this cold since last weekend. 6-He has been sleeping for a long time. 7-She has been learning Italian for a year. 8-They have been living in this house for ten years.

I12: Μεικτοί χρόνοι cloze (σελ. 164)

Ερώτηση: Complete the following gaps with the verbs in brackets in the correct tense (Past Simple, Past Continuous, Present Perfect, Past Perfect and Future Simple). 1. He (stand) ................................................ by the swimming pool when somebody (push) ..................................... him into the water. 2. She (play) ....................................................... tennis for many years, so I think that she (win) ................................................. the game tomorrow. 3. The seminar was very interesting. All the speakers (prepare) ............................................ their material very carefully. 4. When I (come) ................................... out of the cinema, I (realise) .............................. that a thief (take) ........................................ my car CD.

Απάντηση:

1. Διακοπτόμενη ενέργεια → Past Continuous + Past Simple: «was standing... pushed». 2. Κατάσταση μέχρι τώρα + πρόβλεψη → Present Perfect + Future Simple: «has been playing... will win». 3. Ενέργεια πριν από άλλη παρελθοντική → Past Perfect: «had prepared». 4. Αλληλουχία: Past Simple + Past Simple + Past Perfect (προηγήθηκε) → «came... realised... had taken».

Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) 1-was standing/pushed, 2-has been playing/will win, 3-had prepared, 4-came/realised/had taken.

I14: Passive Voice transformation (10 προτάσεις) (σελ. 165)

Ερώτηση: Rewrite the following sentences into the passive beginning as shown. 1. Guglielmo Marconi invented the wireless. [example: The wireless was invented by Guglielmo Marconi.] 2. They use a computer to do that job nowadays. 3. Careless drivers cause a lot of accidents. 4. While I was on holiday, somebody stole my purse. 5. The bank manager has interviewed fifty applicants so far. 6. Will somebody clean this room? It's very dirty. 7. We must lock the doors when we leave our offices. 8. The police are questioning him at the moment. 9. We need your signature to sell the house. 10. They will cut down all the trees in that area.

Απάντηση:

Κανόνας: αντικείμενο ενεργητικής → υποκείμενο παθητικής, ρήμα → be + past participle (στον ίδιο χρόνο), πράκτορας (αν χρειάζεται) με by.
1. Present Simple → «A computer is used to do that job nowadays.»
1. Present Simple → «A lot of accidents are caused by careless drivers.»
1. Past Simple → «My purse was stolen while I was on holiday.»
1. Present Perfect → «Fifty applicants have been interviewed by the bank manager so far.»
1. Future (will) ερώτηση → «Will this room be cleaned? It's very dirty.»
1. must → «The doors must be locked when we leave our offices.»
1. Present Continuous → «He is being questioned by the police at the moment.»
1. Present Simple (need) → «Your signature is needed to sell the house.»
1. Future Simple → «All the trees in that area will be cut down.»

Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) 2-A computer is used to do that job nowadays. 3-A lot of accidents are caused by careless drivers. 4-My purse was stolen while I was on holiday. 5-Fifty applicants have been interviewed by the bank manager so far. 6-Will this room be cleaned? It's very dirty. 7-The doors must be locked when we leave our offices. 8-He is being questioned by the police at the moment. 9-Your signature is needed to sell the house. 10-All the trees in that area will be cut down.

I15: Word building cloze (10 προτάσεις) (σελ. 165)

Ερώτηση: Form nouns and adjectives from the following words, making any necessary spelling changes. 1. He was sent out of the room for causing a (disturb) ................................... in class. 2. A heating (install) ............................ will take several days. 3. Her demands are perfectly (reason) ................................... . 4. There is no (access) ...................................... to these documents. Only the manager can open them. 5. This company is responsible for the (distribute) ................................................. of food to the earthquake victims. 6. Her car broke down out of the sudden, so she called road (assist) ........................... . 7. The doctor told the parents that their child had a hearing (ability) ................... , and he had to make some tests. 8. Peter felt very (encourage) ............................... after losing the match. 9. The chief of the police gained (popular) .................................................. after arresting a very notorious criminal. 10. The personnel manager formed a very (favour) .................................................. impression of her.

Απάντηση:

1. disturb→disturbance. 2. install→installation. 3. reason→reasonable. 4. access→accessibility (ουσιαστικό). 5. distribute→distribution. 6. assist→assistance. 7. ability→disability (η πρόταση θέλει αρνητική έννοια: πρόβλημα ακοής) — άρα hearing disability. 8. encourage→discouraged (η πρόταση θέλει αρνητικό συναίσθημα μετά την ήττα). 9. popular→popularity. 10. favour→favourable.

Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) 1-disturbance, 2-installation, 3-reasonable, 4-accessibility, 5-distribution, 6-assistance, 7-disability, 8-discouraged, 9-popularity, 10-favourable.

Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:

Στο #4 ζητείται σχηματισμός νέας λέξης από το «access»: το ουσιαστικό «accessibility» (όπως στο word building του Unit 8)· το ίδιο το «access» είναι ήδη ουσιαστικό και θα έδινε επίσης σωστό νόημα.
Στο #7 το νόημα απαιτεί αρνητική λέξη («hearing disability»), όχι απλώς «ability»· ομοίως στο #8 «discouraged».

I16: Phrasal verbs cloze (6 προτάσεις) (σελ. 166)

Ερώτηση: Complete the gaps below with phrasal verbs from the following table: call for, catch on, take over, put up, shut down, come up with. 1. The little boy was so hyperactive that his mother found it hard to ............................with him. 2. It took him some time to solve the problem, but he was the only one to ............................... the correct answer. 3. This song soon ................................................ when a famous DJ played it at his programme. 4. A lot of local shops ................................................. in the last few years. 5. The situation ................................................... immediate action. 6. John ............................................................... as managing director when his father retires.

Απάντηση:

1. «put up with» (ανέχομαι): το «put up» του πίνακα μαζί με το «with» που υπάρχει ήδη στην πρόταση («to put up with him»).
1. «came up with» (βρήκε τη λύση).
1. «caught on» (έγινε δημοφιλές).
1. «have shut down» (έκλεισαν).
1. «calls for» (απαιτεί).
1. «will take over» (θα αναλάβει).

Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) 1-put up with, 2-came up with, 3-caught on, 4-have shut down, 5-calls for, 6-will take over.

Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:

Στο #1 το «put up with» σημαίνει «ανέχομαι», διαφορετικό από το «put up» = «υψώνω κάτι» του Unit 8· το «with» δίνεται ήδη μέσα στην πρόταση.

I17-A: 2ος τύπος υποθετικού — τύποι ρημάτων (σελ. 166)

Ερώτηση: A. What kind of person are you? Complete the following questionnaire using a suitable verb form, and discuss your answers in small groups. WHAT KIND OF PERSON ARE YOU? 1 If you ....................... (see) an old lady shoplifting, would you ....... a) do nothing? b) tell a shop assistant? c) tell the woman to put it back? 2 If you ....................... (find) 1000 euros in the street, would you ....... a) keep it? b) give it to someone who need it? c) take it to the police station? 3 If you ................... (see) your neighbour hitting his dog, would you ....... a) do nothing? b) report him to the police or an animal welfare group? c) tell him to stop? 4 If you ......................... (be) at a bus stop and a car ................... (park) there illegally, would you ....... a) take the car number and tell a policeman? b) ask the driver to move the car? c) ignore it?

Απάντηση:

2ος τύπος υποθετικού λόγου: If + Past Simple, ... would + ρήμα (υποθετική/απίθανη κατάσταση στο παρόν).

Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) 1-saw, 2-found, 3-saw, 4-were / parked (or was parked).

Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:

Η επιλογή a/b/c και η συζήτηση σε ομάδες είναι προσωπική επιλογή του μαθητή και δεν έχουν μία σωστή απάντηση· η λύση δίνει μόνο τους σωστούς τύπους των ρημάτων στις if-προτάσεις.
Στο #4 δεκτό και το «was parked» (η κατάσταση του αυτοκινήτου).