Ενδεικτικές λύσεις των 17 φιλτραρισμένων ασκήσεων της ενότητας (σελ. 184-187): 12 ερωτήσεις κατανόησης (A. Questions) + 5 κλειστές ασκήσεις λεξιλογίου/γραμματικής (B. Exercises).
Ερώτηση: How is export trade characterized in the first sentence of the text?
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) It is characterized as surely different from home trade, more complicated and sometimes a little confusing.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: Are the export trade regulations always valid for a long time?
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) No, they are not — most of the export trade regulations are always changing.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: What does the abbreviation E.U. stand for?
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) European Union.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: Is it always easy for exporters to obtain payment? Why?
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) No, it is not always easy, because currency restrictions in certain countries make it difficult to obtain payment; some countries require invoices certified by their consulate, and others demand certificates showing the country of origin of the goods.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: What sort of things affect the price of goods sent overseas?
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) Packing, transport to the port, and loading of the goods onto the ship.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: What does a f.o.b. quotation mean?
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) It means that the prices include all the charges until the goods are “free on board” at the port of export; all other expenses (freight and insurance) to the country of destination are paid on delivery.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: Which term includes “cost, insurance and freight” to the port of destination?
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) The c.i.f. (cost, insurance and freight) term.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: Is the consignee of the despatched goods mentioned on the B/L?
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) Yes, the consignee is mentioned on the Bill of Lading.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: Who are the copies of a B/L distributed to?
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) To the exporter, the customer and/or the importer.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: When do exporters adopt an “open account” term?
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) With customers who are reliable and sound, and in countries where there are no currency restrictions.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: What does C.W.O. mean?
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) Cash with order.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: Is it always easy for exporters to ask cash on delivery? Why?
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) No, it is not always possible, because in some countries the Post Office, for example, does not accept C.O.D. parcels.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: Give the abbreviations of the following: a. European Union b. Free on board c. cost, insurance, freight d. Bill of Lading e. cash on delivery (Br. English) or collect on delivery (Am. English) f. cash with order g. quotations
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) a. E.U. · b. f.o.b. · c. c.i.f. · d. B/L · e. C.O.D. · f. C.W.O. · g. quotas (συντομευμένος/εναλλακτικός εμπορικός όρος, όχι αρκτικόλεξο γραμμάτων).
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: Fill in the gaps with the suitable prepositions and/or the definite or indefinite article. a. ……..… fact, export trade has almost become ……..… science ……..… find your way through all ……..… official orders and regulations. b. International trade has different terms according ……..… which ……..… importer has ……..… pay ……..… expenses. c. ……..… course, it is difficult ……..… calculate all ……..… expenses when ……..… customer is thousands ……..… miles away. d. ……..… c.i.f. terms, the prices ……..… goods ……..… be exported include “cost, insurance and freight” to ……..… port ……..… destination. e. Exporters may ask ……..… cash ……..… order (c.w.o.) or cash ……..… delivery. f. ……..… some countries, ……..… example, the post office does not accept cash ……..… delivery parcels.
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: a. In / a / to / the. b. to / an / to / the. c. Of / to / the / a / of. d. Under / of / to / the / of. e. for / with / on. f. In / for / on.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: Which adjectives found in the text derive from the following words? a. differ, b. confuse, c. economy, d. expense, e. nation, f. importance, g. rely, h. sound, i. open, j. accept.
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) a. different. b. confusing. c. economic. d. expensive. e. national (international). f. important. g. reliable. h. sound (ίδια μορφή, χρησιμοποιείται ήδη ως επίθετο). i. open (ίδια μορφή, χρησιμοποιείται ήδη ως επίθετο). j. acceptable.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: Which nouns derive from the following verbs? a. export, b. confuse, c. regulate, d. import, e. restrict, f. certify, g. calculate, h. transport, i. quote, j. deliver, k. insure, l. consign.
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) a. export/exportation. b. confusion. c. regulation(s). d. import(s)/importation. e. restriction(s). f. certificate(s)/certification. g. calculation. h. transport(ation). i. quotation. j. delivery. k. insurance. l. consignee/consignment.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: Join the sentences using a relative pronoun. Use the 2nd sentence as a main clause. Put a comma where needed. a. Export trade is surely different from home trade. It is complicated and sometimes confusing. b. The B/L is made out in many copies. They are to be distributed to the exporter, the customer and/or the importer. c. Exporters usually ask for c.w.o. They are paid before the shipment arrives at its destination. d. The customers cannot get the goods without the B/L. They have to pay C.O.D. e. A f.o.b. quotation means “free on board”. It is suggested when it is difficult to calculate the delivery expenses.
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) a. Export trade, which is complicated and sometimes confusing, is surely different from home trade. b. The B/L, which is made out in many copies, is to be distributed to the exporter, the customer and/or the importer. c. Exporters, who usually ask for c.w.o., are paid before the shipment arrives at its destination. d. The customers, who cannot get the goods without the B/L, have to pay C.O.D. e. A f.o.b. quotation, which means “free on board”, is suggested when it is difficult to calculate the delivery expenses.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης: