Λύσεις — Κεφάλαιο 42: Unit 3 Consolidation Exercises – ENGLISH FOR OFFICE CLERKS Β ΕΠΑΛ

Λύσεις — Κεφάλαιο 42: Unit 3 Consolidation Exercises

Ενδεικτικές λύσεις των 15 φιλτραρισμένων ασκήσεων επανάληψης της ενότητας (σελ. 205-211): λεξιλόγιο τιμών/απαιτήσεων, ποσοτικοί προσδιορισμοί, matching συνωνύμων/αντωνύμων, ουσιαστικά-πρόσωπα, word formation, ορθογραφία και σωστός τύπος ρήματος. Η άσκηση 16 («Listen to the letter...») εξαιρέθηκε γιατί απαιτεί ήχο που δεν διαθέτουμε.

expect / look forward to / wait (for) / hope

Ερώτηση: expect, look forward to, wait (for), hope: Use each verb, at least once, in the correct form to fill in the blanks in the following sentences: a. What do you ……… the new manager to look like? b. l am ……… to meeting you soon. c. Is the manager ……… you to call? d. She ……… to get the job. e. In what circumstances would she ……… to getting the job? f. What are you doing here? Are you ……… for someone? g. She doesn't ……… to get the job, because she doesn't have the needed qualifications. h. Why is that man ……… in the reception room? He is ……… the manager. i. We ……… you will find our offer competitive. j. We are ……… to receiving the ordered goods without delay.

Απάντηση:

• Κάθε ρήμα έχει διαφορετική σύνταξη/χρήση: expect + to-inf ή αντικείμενο· look forward to + -ing· wait for + αντικείμενο· hope + to-inf/that.

Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) a. expect. b. looking forward. c. expecting. d. hopes. e. look forward. f. waiting. g. expect. h. waiting / waiting for. i. hope. j. looking forward.

Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:

price / rate / charge / quotas / cost

Ερώτηση: price, rate, charge, quotas, cost; choose the correct word, in either the singular or plural form, to complete the following: a. I would like to know the ……… of these blankets. b. The Customs broker will make a ……… for his services. c. The ……… of a unit of a commodity is what we call ……… . d. What is the ……… of exchange today between the sterling pounds and drachmas? e. The latest ……… on the foreign exchange market have been reduced. f. The exporter gave me the ……… for his new products which were too high, in comparison with the ……… he used to charge for other products. g. The ……… of this product is too high to be in the production line. h. The ……… are high because production ……… are very great.

Απάντηση:

• Κάθε λέξη χρησιμοποιείται ανάλογα με το νόημα: price (γενική τιμή), rate (αναλογία/ισοτιμία), charge (χρέωση υπηρεσίας), quotas=quotations (προσφερόμενες τιμές), cost (κόστος παραγωγής/απόκτησης).

Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) a. price. b. charge. c. price / cost. d. rate. e. rates. f. quotas / prices. g. cost. h. prices / costs.

Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:

a great deal of / a large number of / a considerable amount of

Ερώτηση: a great deal of, a large number of, a considerable amount of; Use the above expressions to fill in the blanks in the following sentences. a. He makes a ……… of money. b. A ……… customers complain about the defective products. c. A ……… companies have modern equipment. d. He gave me ……… of information. e. He gave me a ……… of support.

Απάντηση:

• «a large number of» πάει με μετρήσιμα ουσιαστικά στον πληθυντικό (customers, companies)· «a great deal of» / «a considerable amount of» πάνε με ασύμμετρα ουσιαστικά (money, information, support).

Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) a. great deal (money). b. large number of (customers). c. large number of (companies). d. great deal / considerable amount (information). e. considerable amount (support).

Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:

require / claim / demand / ask (for)

Ερώτηση: require, claim, demand, ask (for); fill in the blanks in the following sentences using, at least once, the above words. a. The secretary ……… the office boy for some help. b. He ……… the money from the insurance company. c. The exporter ……… that the money should be paid to him in his country's currency. d. This suggestion ……… careful thought. e. He ……… to be treated equally with the rest of the staff. f. If you aren't consistent with your job you are ……… trouble! g. The salesman ……… for his travel expenses. h. Did you ……… for the money from the insurance company after your accident?

Απάντηση:

• Διαβάθμιση έντασης: ask (ζητώ ευγενικά) < require (απαιτείται) < demand (απαιτώ έντονα)· claim (διεκδικώ κάτι που δικαιούμαι, τυπικά από ασφάλιση).

Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) a. asked. b. claimed. c. demanded. d. requires. e. demanded. f. asking for. g. claimed. h. claim.

Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:

Πολλαπλή επιλογή a-j

Ερώτηση: Choose the correct item to fill in the blanks. a. ……… the flight times before you book the tickets. (1. Control, 2. Advise, 3. Check, 4. Inform) b. Most companies ……… their products on television. (1. announce, 2. advertise, 3. notice, 4. acknowledge) c. Our company ……… cooperating with them. (1. avoid, 2. lack, 3. request, 4. settle) d. Our export manager is ……… a visit to your country next week. (1. giving, 2. placing, 3. passing, 4. paying) e. I hope that the matter has been completely ……… . (1. done, 2. made, 3. settled, 4. completed) f. We ……… that differences in colour are unavoidable. (1. realise, 2. confuse, 3. recognise, 4. expect, 5. hope) g. We appreciate your offer of a ……… price. (1. diminished, 2. lessened, 3. reduced, 4. thinned) h. We shall ……… on receipt of your pro-forma invoice. (1. admit, 2. remit, 3. permit, 4. insist) i. Our ……… are payment on invoice. (1. terminology, 2. limits, 3. restrictions, 4. terms) j. ……… and packing cases are included in the price. (1. Freight, 2. Fright, 3. Flight, 4. Fight)

Απάντηση:

• Κάθε επιλογή ελέγχεται νοηματικά μέσα στην πάγια εμπορική φράση.

Σύνοψη: a. 3. Check. b. 2. advertise. c. 1. avoid. d. 4. paying. e. 3. settled. f. 1. realise. g. 3. reduced. h. 2. remit. i. 4. terms. j. 1. Freight.

Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:

Επιρρήματα σε -ly

Ερώτηση: Which adverbs derive from the following: a. real, b. substantial, c. kind, d. grateful, e. prompt, f. good, g. satisfactory, h. exclusive, i. considerable, j. immediate, k. full, l. possible, m. urgent, n. precise, o. original, p. more.

Απάντηση:

• Κανόνας επίθετο+-ly, με ανώμαλη μορφή good→well και το «more» που παραμένει ίδιο (ήδη επίρρημα).

Σύνοψη: a. really. b. substantially. c. kindly. d. gratefully. e. promptly. f. well. g. satisfactorily. h. exclusively. i. considerably. j. immediately. k. fully. l. possibly. m. urgently. n. precisely. o. originally. p. more (ήδη επίρρημα, παραμένει ίδιο).

Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:

25 ζεύγη συνωνύμων

Ερώτηση: Match the following so as to form twenty-five pairs of synonyms: a. fit in, b. range, c. quotation, d. substantial, e. grateful, f. discount, g. purchase, h. prompt, i. turnover, j. subject matter, k. renowned, I. limited, m. inspected, n. execute, o. despatch, p. notify, q. damaged, r. sum, s. unavoidable, t. inconvenience, u. charge, v. calculate, w. consignee, x. surrender, y. commodities — 1. reduction in price, 2. examined, 3. defective, 4. match, 5. series of products, 6. estimate, 7. current price, 8. receiver, 9. deliver, 10. instant; immediate, 11. carry out, 12. inevitable, 13. send, 14. significant; important, 15. main topic, 16. transaction, 17. obliged, 18. products, 19. acknowledge; let know, 20. debit, 21. buy, 22. restricted, 23. discomfort, 24. amount of money, 25. famous; well-known.

Απάντηση:

• Κάθε λέξη αντιστοιχίζεται με το συνώνυμο/ορισμό της· κάθε αριθμός 1-25 χρησιμοποιείται ακριβώς μία φορά.

Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) a-4 · b-5 · c-7 · d-14 · e-17 · f-1 · g-21 · h-10 · i-16 · j-15 · k-25 · l-22 · m-2 · n-11 · o-13 · p-19 · q-3 · r-24 · s-12 · t-23 · u-20 · v-6 · w-8 · x-9 · y-18.

Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:

25 ζεύγη αντωνύμων

Ερώτηση: Match the following so as to form twenty-five pairs of antonyms: a. willing, b. grant, c. satisfactory, d. include, e. rise, f. reduced, g. unattractive, h. complicated, i. exporter, j. reliable, k. export trade, I. expand, m. wholesale, n. explicit, o. solvent, p. strengthen, q. receive, r. offer, s. despatch, t. prompt, u. accept, v. credit, w. enclose, x. defective, y. restriction — 1. attractive, 2. domestic trade, 3. exclude, 4. reluctant, 5. refuse to give, 6. vague; complicated, 7. send, 8. defective, 9. leave out, 10. take, 11. fall; decrease, 12. put a limit to, 13. increased, 14. weaken, 15. importer, 16. receive, 17. delayed, 18. simple, 19. unreliable, 20. debit, 21. untrustworthy, 22. reject; refuse, 23. perfect, 24. freedom, 25. retail.

Απάντηση:

• Κάθε λέξη αντιστοιχίζεται με το αντίθετό της· κάθε αριθμός 1-25 χρησιμοποιείται ακριβώς μία φορά. Σε 2 οριακές περιπτώσεις (b. grant↔take, o. solvent↔untrustworthy) η αντιστοίχιση είναι η μόνη συνεπής επιλογή που απομένει μετά την τοποθέτηση των πιο προφανών ζευγών — αποδεκτές εναλλακτικές θα μπορούσαν να ανακατανείμουν 2-3 ζεύγη διαφορετικά χωρίς να αλλάξει η ουσία της άσκησης.

Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) a-4 · b-10 · c-8 · d-3 · e-11 · f-13 · g-1 · h-18 · i-15 · j-19 · k-2 · l-12 · m-25 · n-6 · o-21 · p-14 · q-7 · r-5 · s-16 · t-17 · u-22 · v-20 · w-9 · x-23 · y-24.

Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:

Ουσιαστικά-πρόσωπα a-z

Ερώτηση: Give the nouns (persons) that correspond to the following words: a. representation, b. competitive, c. send, d. bank, e. manufacture, f. sell, g. market, h. retail, i. wholesale, j. instruct, k. execute, I. rade (trade), m. examination, n. correspond, o. buy, p. receive, q. manage, r. inspect, s. agency, t. science, u. export, v. import, w. distribution, x. product, y. collect, z. train.

Απάντηση:

• Κάθε λέξη μετατρέπεται στο ουσιαστικό-πρόσωπο (agent noun) που της αντιστοιχεί, ίδιο μοτίβο με το κεφ.19 (assistance→assistant).

Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) a. representative. b. competitor. c. sender. d. banker. e. manufacturer. f. seller. g. marketer. h. retailer. i. wholesaler. j. instructor. k. executor/executive. l. trader. m. examiner. n. correspondent. o. buyer. p. receiver. q. manager. r. inspector. s. agent. t. scientist. u. exporter. v. importer. w. distributor. x. producer. y. collector. z. trainer.

Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:

Τι κάνουν αυτά τα πρόσωπα

Ερώτηση: What do the following persons do? Give answers like in the example: e.g. A banker is a person who owns or controls a bank. a. A trader is... b. A manager is... c. A Customs officer is... d. A Customs broker is... e. A trainer is... f. A trainee is... g. A correspondent is... h. A representative is...

Απάντηση:

• Κάθε ορισμός βασίζεται στη σημασία του επαγγέλματος/ρόλου όπως παρουσιάστηκε στα κεφάλαια 38-41 του Unit 3.

Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) a. A trader is a person who buys and sells goods (deals with trade). b. A manager is a person who manages/runs a business or a department. c. A Customs officer is a person who works at the Customs, controlling the import/export of goods and the payment of duties. d. A Customs broker is a person who is specially skilled in completing the formalities needed to clear goods through Customs. e. A trainer is a person who trains other people, teaching them the skills they need. f. A trainee is a person who is being trained. g. A correspondent is a person who writes/exchanges letters regularly with somebody, e.g. in commercial correspondence. h. A representative is a person who acts and speaks on behalf of another person or a company.

Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:

Αντιστοίχιση επαγγέλματος-χώρου

Ερώτηση: Match each job in list A with a place in list B. More than one answers may be possible. a. sales manager, b. accountant, c. official, d. trainer, e. typist, f. Customs officer, g. packer, h. postman/woman, i. manufacturer, j. freighter — 1. shipping company, 2. government office, 3. industry, 4. office, 5. warehouse, 6. post office, 7. Custom-House, 8. sales department, 9. vocational/technical school, 10. accounts department.

Απάντηση:

• Πολλά επαγγέλματα ταιριάζουν σε περισσότερους από έναν χώρους (π.χ. accountant → accounts department ΚΑΙ office).

Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) a. 8 (sales department), και 4 (office). b. 10 (accounts department), και 4 (office). c. 2 (government office). d. 9 (vocational/technical school), και 4 (office). e. 4 (office). f. 7 (Custom-House). g. 5 (warehouse), και 3 (industry). h. 6 (post office). i. 3 (industry). j. 1 (shipping company).

Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:

Word formation από κεφαλαία (a-r)

Ερώτηση: Complete each sentence with a word formed from the word in capitals. a. The company treats all its ……… equally. EMPLOY b. We are considering the ……… of new qualities to our stock. ADD c. If you give us a competitive ………, we may place a substantial ……… . QUOTE, ORDER d. We are interested in your terms of ……… . PAY e. With reference to your ………, we are sending you a list of our products. INQUIRE f. The goods can be inspected at our warehouse on ……… . REQUEST g. As soon as we receive your ………, we will arrange for ……… by banker's transfer. CONFIRM, SETTLE h. We require immediate ……… . SHIP i. We are returning the pieces to you, ……… forward. CARRY j. On ………, we found that the ……… do not really agree with your samples. EXAMINE, CONTAIN k. We acknowledge the ……… of your letter. RECEIVE I. The ……… company undertakes to deliver goods to the port and to the ……… . SHIP, CONSIGN m. He has visited an official in the ……… of Commerce. MINISTER n. I'd like to gather information about ……… and ……… methods. PROMOTE, DISTRIBUTE o. These statements show the ……… and the ……… for every single country in the world. PRODUCT, CONSUME p. The letter of ……… is very important. IDENTIFY q. Has the ……… ……… the goods? EXPORTER, FORWARD r. The agreed period for payment is usually ……… or ……… . MONTH, QUARTER

Απάντηση:

• Κάθε ρίζα σε κεφαλαία μετατρέπεται στο κατάλληλο παράγωγο (ουσιαστικό/επίθετο/επίρρημα) που ταιριάζει στην πρόταση.

Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) a. employees. b. addition. c. quotation / order. d. payment. e. inquiry. f. request. g. confirmation / settlement. h. shipment. i. carriage. j. examination / contents. k. receipt. l. shipping / consignee. m. Ministry. n. promotion / distribution. o. production / consumption. p. identification. q. exporter / forwarded. r. monthly / quarterly.

Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:

Διόρθωση ορθογραφικών λαθών (a-p)

Ερώτηση: Correct the words spelled incorrectly. a. tarrif, b. comodities, c. exise, d. dibenture, e. legislassion, f. irevocable, g. promice, h. corespondent, i. settlment, j. possetion, k. supplyer, I. transaxion, m. bureacratic, n. fraight, o. prodactivity, p. garantee.

Απάντηση:

• Κάθε λέξη διορθώνεται στη σωστή ορθογραφία της, όπως εμφανίζεται στα κεφάλαια 38-41 του Unit 3.

Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) a. tariff. b. commodities. c. excise. d. debenture. e. legislation. f. irrevocable. g. promise. h. correspondent. i. settlement. j. possession. k. supplier. l. transaction. m. bureaucratic. n. freight. o. productivity. p. guarantee.

Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:

Λάθος λέξη αντί σωστής (a-j)

Ερώτηση: Replace the wrongly used words with proper ones to have meaningful sentences. a. Your sails representative called yesterday. b. Supply us with patterns of your compete range. c. We want your insurance that you will not sell this range of products to other firms. d. Your advertisement is in this weak's issue. e. Currency restrictions inquire invoices to obtain payment from other countries. f. We are willing to grand you this concession. g. Our shipping company acknowledges the receipt of the goods threw this document. h. We are sure that our goods will meat your requirement. i. He wanted to ask for some peaces of advice. j. We are pleased to inform you that the some of £10,000 was remitted yesterday.

Απάντηση:

• Λέξεις που μοιάζουν φωνητικά αλλά έχουν λάθος γραφή/σημασία στη συγκεκριμένη πρόταση.

Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) a. sails→sales. b. compete→complete. c. insurance→assurance. d. weak's→week's. e. inquire→require. f. grand→grant. g. threw→through. h. meat→meet. i. peaces→pieces. j. some→sum.

Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:

Σωστός τύπος ρήματος (a-p)

Ερώτηση: Put the verbs in brackets in their correct form. a. On ……… (check) we found that some of the goods were badly damaged. b. On the ……… (attach) price list we have given our lowest quotations. c. Your request to ……… (give) the exclusive sale for Athens is somewhat unusual. d. Some mistake ……… (make) and the goods have been wrongly delivered. e. We ……… (not hear) from you since we received your last order. f. We hope that the matter ……… (settle) in the near future. g. We expect that you ……… (find) our quality excellent. h. Some countries ……… (allow) imports without difficulties some time ago. i. Currency restrictions often make it difficult ……… (obtain) payment from certain countries. j. When someone sends goods overseas, several things ……… (affect) the price. k. The terms of payment usually ……… (depend) on the customer. I. We look forward to ……… (receive) your order. m. On examination we ……… (find) that the contents do not really agree with our order. n. While ……… (offer) our sincere apologies, we inform you that the new piece has been despatched without further ……… (charge). o. The bill of lading ……… (be) a title to the goods. p. We strongly ……… (advise) you to avail yourself of this exceptional opportunity.

Απάντηση:

• a. gerund μετά από πρόθεση (on checking). b. παθητική μετοχή ως επίθετο (the attached price list). c. παθητικό απαρέμφατο (to be given). d. παθητική φωνή, Present Perfect (has been made). e. Present Perfect (αρνητικό). f. Future Simple παθητικό. g. Future Simple. h. Past Simple. i. to-infinitive μετά από «difficult». j. Present Simple. k. Present Simple. l. gerund μετά από «look forward to». m. Past Simple. n. gerund μετά από «while»· gerund μετά από «further». o. Present Simple. p. Present Simple.

Σύνοψη: a. checking. b. attached. c. be given. d. has been made. e. have not heard. f. will be settled. g. will find. h. allowed. i. to obtain. j. affect. k. depends. l. receiving. m. found. n. offering / charging. o. is. p. advise.

Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης: