Ενδεικτικές λύσεις των 15 ερωτήσεων κατανόησης (A. Questions) και των 5 κλειστών ασκήσεων λεξιλογίου/γραμματικής (B. Exercises) της ενότητας (σελ. 347-350). Το μπλοκ «Listen and answer» (12 ερωτήσεις, διάλογος Sheila/Jasmine) απαιτεί ήχο και εξαιρείται.
Ερώτηση: What does the term "mixed economy" mean?
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: It means that some industries and services are controlled by the state, and some others are owned and controlled by private enterprises.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: How is the one owner of a business called?
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: He is called the sole-proprietor or sole-trader.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: Which is the most important factor in administrating organizations?
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: Good management is the most important factor in administrating (large/complex) organizations.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: What is the definition of management, according to the text?
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: Management is the governing body of any organization; it is the control of a business by a group of qualified persons, including both directors and high-ranking managers.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: Who are the directors of an organization elected by?
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: Directors are usually elected by the members of an organization or a company.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: Who are usually the members of the organization?
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: The members are usually the shareholders.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: What is the "board of directors"?
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: It is the group of the elected directors of an organization or company.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: What is the member of the board who has the authority and responsibility of managing a certain part of the work done in a company called?
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: He/She is called the executive director.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: Which person has a higher rank? The company's chairman or the managing director?
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: The company's chairman has a higher rank; the managing director is next in importance to the chairman.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: Which persons have to work closely with the board?
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: The chief executive and his deputy have to work closely with the board.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: What kind of managers are the middle managers?
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: Middle managers (also called junior administration) are the supervisors who carry out the responsibilities delegated to them by the top officers and run the detailed parts of the organization.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: Which are the responsibilities of the under-managers?
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: Under-managers help the managers to direct or control part or all of the work of other employees in the organization.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: Name some office managers who may exist in the same company.
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: There may be commercial managers, personnel managers, sales managers, export managers, production managers and research managers.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: Who controls the several branches of a company within the same district?
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: District managers control the several branches of a company within the same district.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: What kind of qualifications are needed for people who are to perform managerial duties?
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: They must be competent in their work and must take on responsibility and initiative for the perfect running of the company.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: Match the words or phrases which are similar in meaning: a. enterprise b. profession c. administration d. sole-proprietor e. parent company f. control (the management) g. chairman h. division i. deputy j. delegated k. personnel l. carried out m. be in charge (of) n. perform o. running — with: 1.management 2.holding/controlling a company 3.president 4.department 5.occupation 6.assistant director 7.passed down (to); commissioned 8.business 9.sole-trader 10.carry out (the management) 11.held; completed 12.managing; controlling 13.fulfil 14.staff 15.be responsible (for)
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: a-8, b-5, c-10, d-9, e-2, f-12, g-3, h-4, i-6, j-7, k-14, l-11, m-15, n-13, o-1.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: Give the nouns deriving from the following verbs: a. transport b. educate c. control d. organize e. administer/administrate f. concern g. manage h. govern i. elect j. divide k. supervise l. export
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: a. transport(ation). b. education. c. control. d. organization. e. administration. f. concern. g. management. h. government. i. election. j. division. k. supervision. l. export(ation).
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: Which persons have to do with the following? a. economy b. propriety c. government d. direction of a company e. holding shares f. employment g. supervision h. production i. assistance j. research
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) a. economists. b. proprietors/owners. c. government officials/ministers. d. directors/managers. e. shareholders. f. employers. g. supervisors. h. producers. i. assistants. j. researchers.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: Fill in the blanks with the missing prepositions. a. Some services are controlled ..... the state. b. ..... other words, there are two sectors in business. c. There are various types ..... business organization. d. The sole-proprietor bears all the risk and, ..... return, receives all the profits. e. Directors control, ..... the shareholders, the day-to-day management. f. The person who is next ..... importance ..... the company's chairman, is the managing director. g. The person who is ..... charge ..... a division, is called the divisional director. h. The general manager controls the work ..... a number ..... other managers. i. They must be competent ..... their work. j. They also must take ..... responsibility and initiative ..... the perfect running of the company they work .....
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: a. by. b. In. c. of. d. in. e. for. f. in ... to. g. in ... of. h. of ... of. i. in. j. on ... for ... for.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης:
Ερώτηση: Put the verbs in brackets in their proper form. a. If the business ..... (have) one owner, things ..... (be) usually complicated. b. Management is the control of a business by a group of qualified persons, ..... (include) both directors and high-ranking managers. c. Directors are usually ..... (elect) by the members of an organization. d. Highest officers of an organization ..... (lead) by the chief executive. e. The divisional manager is the one who ..... (supervise) the department he is in charge of. f. There may ..... (exist) different office managers in the same company.
Απάντηση:
Σύνοψη: (ενδεικτική) a. has ... are (not usually complicated). b. including. c. elected. d. are led. e. supervises. f. exist.
Κριτήρια αξιολόγησης: